Milling

The milling tool rotates at high speed around its own axis and moves with its rotating cutting edge along a programmed path on the workpiece, cutting out the desired contour from the blank (CNC milling machine).

Turning

Turning is essentially the counterpart to milling. In this process, the workpiece rotates very quickly around its own axis on the lathe, while the tool, known as the cutting tool or lathe chisel, follows the defined path on the workpiece, cutting out the desired contour (CNC turning).

Drilling

Drilling is also considered a cutting process. In this procedure, a narrow drill bit with cutting edges rotates around its own axis and is moved towards the fixed workpiece. This results in a circular cross-section of the created cavity.

Grinding

In grinding, the tool has a rough surface with numerous grains, whose sharp edges act as cutting surfaces to remove fine shavings in the micrometer range. This method is typically used for precision and finishing work at the end of the production process for workpieces.

In modern machining technology, computer-controlled turning, drilling, and milling machines are used. These machines are also known as CNC machines (CNC: Computerized Numerical Control) because all processing and movement commands for the machine are provided in digital form through a computer. This allows for highly precise control of tool paths and tool alignment on the workpiece. The machine’s cutting angles and feed rates can be adjusted exactly so that the radial and axial forces are perfectly aligned with the material, geometry, and tools used. This results in highly accurate machining for a flawless final product.

The programming of the machines is done using CAD-CAM systems (CAD: Computer-aided Design / CAM: Computer-aided Manufacturing).

Special software programs enable three-dimensional planning and control of the machining process. A digital model of the workpiece is designed and virtually processed on the computer. Subsequently, the necessary geometric instructions for controlling the machining machine are transmitted electronically to the CNC mill (Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, CIM).

This programming and machine-controlled execution allow for the highest precision in the millimeter range and exact repeatability for serial production. Additionally, changes can be made at any time to the computer model, ensuring that production remains flexible and can be quickly adapted to new model developments or prototypes.